Journal of forensic and legal medicine · 2025
Characteristics of alleged sexual assaults involving non-fatal strangulation at a Sydney metropolitan emergency department: a prospective descriptive study.
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Thomas Rachael, Willmot Kate, Seimon Radhika, Derrick Naomi, Dinh Michael M, Templeton David J
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) has the potential to cause serious harm and is increasingly common in sexual assault. The incidence may be higher than previously thought, underscoring the importance of screening. The aim of this study was to explore factors related to NFS in sexual assault presentations in a metropolitan Emergency Department (ED) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
METHODS: A prospective review of the Medical and Forensic Examination Record (MFER) was used to retrieve data from patients at a metropolitan ED in NSW, Australia who underwent forensic examination for an alleged sexual assault, who reported NFS, between July 2021 and May 2024. Data were collected on these patients at the time of their review in the 'NFS Checklist' as well as the MFER. Parallel electronic medical records (eMR) were used to obtain information collected in the ED.
RESULTS: Of 802 sexual assault presentations between July 2021 and May 2024, 113 (14%) cases involved NFS. 105 (92.9%) were female and 72 (63.7%) patients presented with 'red flags', the most common being dyspnoea (n = 43, 38.1%). Almost half of all cases (n = 49, 43.4%) had related physical examination findings. Over half (n = 64, 56.6%) of cases were referred to the ED, where 36 images were ordered, of which only one was abnormal. 25.6% of perpetrators were intimate partners.
CONCLUSION: NFS is common in sexual assault. More robust follow-up systems are essential. ED and Sexual Assault Services would benefit from implementing a protocolised triage and referral system which screens for red flags and domestic violence.
METHODS: A prospective review of the Medical and Forensic Examination Record (MFER) was used to retrieve data from patients at a metropolitan ED in NSW, Australia who underwent forensic examination for an alleged sexual assault, who reported NFS, between July 2021 and May 2024. Data were collected on these patients at the time of their review in the 'NFS Checklist' as well as the MFER. Parallel electronic medical records (eMR) were used to obtain information collected in the ED.
RESULTS: Of 802 sexual assault presentations between July 2021 and May 2024, 113 (14%) cases involved NFS. 105 (92.9%) were female and 72 (63.7%) patients presented with 'red flags', the most common being dyspnoea (n = 43, 38.1%). Almost half of all cases (n = 49, 43.4%) had related physical examination findings. Over half (n = 64, 56.6%) of cases were referred to the ED, where 36 images were ordered, of which only one was abnormal. 25.6% of perpetrators were intimate partners.
CONCLUSION: NFS is common in sexual assault. More robust follow-up systems are essential. ED and Sexual Assault Services would benefit from implementing a protocolised triage and referral system which screens for red flags and domestic violence.