Neuroscience letters · 2026
Effects of vestibular habituation training on synaptic plasticity in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice with motion sickness.
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Fang Shu, Wang Ben, Zhang Shi-Li, Wu Hao, Guo Wei-Wei, Ren Li-Li, Wang Yan, Yang Shi-Ming
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Motion sickness (MS) is triggered by vestibular conflict, yet how vestibular habituation training (VHT) engages higher-order cortical circuits remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To test whether VHT modulates medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity and structural plasticity in a rotational MS model.
METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control (CON), motion sickness (MS), or vestibular habituation training (VHT) groups. MS was induced by a single 4-g session (four 1-min bouts; total 4 min), whereas VHT mice received 14 daily sessions (30 × 1-min bouts/day; total 30 min/day). Behavioral outcomes, core body temperature, c-Fos expression in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and mPFC, and mPFC dendritic and spine morphology (Golgi-Cox) were assessed after the final exposure (MS: induction session; VHT: day-14 session).
RESULTS: MS caused hypoactivity, impaired motor coordination, reduced sucrose preference, hypothermia, and increased c-Fos in the MVN and mPFC. After VHT, behavioral and autonomic measures returned to control-like levels. MVN c-Fos was reduced to a control-like range, whereas mPFC c-Fos was attenuated but remained above controls. Morphologically, MS increased dendritic length and complexity, reduced spine density, and did not alter spine width. VHT restored dendritic length and spine density, increased dendritic complexity further, and reduced spine width.
CONCLUSION: VHT is associated with reduced MS-related neural activation and a distinct pattern of mPFC dendritic and spine remodeling, supporting higher-order cortical plasticity during vestibular habituation.
OBJECTIVE: To test whether VHT modulates medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity and structural plasticity in a rotational MS model.
METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control (CON), motion sickness (MS), or vestibular habituation training (VHT) groups. MS was induced by a single 4-g session (four 1-min bouts; total 4 min), whereas VHT mice received 14 daily sessions (30 × 1-min bouts/day; total 30 min/day). Behavioral outcomes, core body temperature, c-Fos expression in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and mPFC, and mPFC dendritic and spine morphology (Golgi-Cox) were assessed after the final exposure (MS: induction session; VHT: day-14 session).
RESULTS: MS caused hypoactivity, impaired motor coordination, reduced sucrose preference, hypothermia, and increased c-Fos in the MVN and mPFC. After VHT, behavioral and autonomic measures returned to control-like levels. MVN c-Fos was reduced to a control-like range, whereas mPFC c-Fos was attenuated but remained above controls. Morphologically, MS increased dendritic length and complexity, reduced spine density, and did not alter spine width. VHT restored dendritic length and spine density, increased dendritic complexity further, and reduced spine width.
CONCLUSION: VHT is associated with reduced MS-related neural activation and a distinct pattern of mPFC dendritic and spine remodeling, supporting higher-order cortical plasticity during vestibular habituation.