Effects of Surface Treatments and Mouth Rinses on the Roughness and Color Stability of Interim Restorations Produced Through Additive Manufacturing.

PURPOSE: To investigate how the surface treatments and mouth rinses of interim restorations affect staining, surface roughness, and the role of polishing on staining.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A total of 320 disk-shaped specimens were produced from four resin materials (n = 80) using conventional and additive methods. Each group was divided into two groups (n = 40) according to surface applications: conventional polishing (C) and surface sealant covering (S). After measuring surface roughness, groups were divided into four subgroups (n = 10) and immersed in mouth rinses: Listerine (LIS), chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% (Klorhex; CHX), chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% (Eludril; ELU), and artificial saliva (AS). Specimens were stored for 1 day (T1) and 7 days (T2) in these solutions. Color measurements were performed before and after storage using a spectrophotometer, and color differences were calculated via the CIELab system. Post assessment, specimens were polished, and ΔE values were remeasured. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = .05).

RESULTS

The highest surface roughness values were observed in the PMMA, and the lowest were in printed groups among the conventional and sealant groups (P < .05). LIS had the highest ΔE values against all mouth rinses. The sealant groups showed the lowest ΔE values and surface roughness at all time points. The process of polishing reduced ΔE values in all tested groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Printed resins have sufficient optical and surface properties for interim restorations. Long-term use of mouth rinses may cause discoloration, but surface sealants and polishing may reduce this discoloration.