Phytochemical and bioactivities comparison of three cultivars of goumi (Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb.) berry juice sediments and pomace: a waste valorisation perspective.

This study compares sediment and pomace from juice production of three Elaeagnus multiflora cultivars (Jahidka, Marianna, Sweet Scarlet) as potential sources of bioactive compounds and minerals, with Marianna profiled for the first time. We quantified macro- and microelements (K up to 1670 mg/100 g d.m.), vitamin C (117-211 mg/1000 g), carotenoids (up to 1183 mg/100 g d.m.), chlorophylls, and tocopherols (α-tocopherol up to 35.59 mg/100 g d.m.). UPLC-PDA-MS/MS identified 15 polyphenols; totals reached 31.39-314.77 mg/100 g d.m. Pomace was richer in flavonoid glycosides and showed 30-38% higher ABTS/DPPH activity, whereas sediments concentrated lycopene, phytoene and α tocopherol and more strongly inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase (up to 1.5 fold); multivariate analyses separated samples by fraction and cultivar, with Sweet Scarlet pomace having a distinct pigment profile and Jahidka the greatest bioactive diversity, while cadmium was below the detection limit and the analysed toxic elements were low, although no comprehensive safety evaluation was performed.