Review of comparative antipyretic activity in children.

Fever is one of the most common medical complaints referred to physicians for diagnosis and therapy. In addition, consumers frequently medicate themselves for fever associated with common, self-limited illnesses. The pathogenesis of fever suggests that pharmacologic therapy, which lowers the hypothalamic set-point, is an essential element in treatment. Not all fevers need to be treated; however, when indicated, therapy with antipyretics is necessary. The major antipyretic agents, acetaminophen, aspirin, and pyrazolone derivatives, are equally effective in reducing fever. However, after comparing side effects and risks of toxicity, acetaminophen may be the preferred agent in children.