Camellia-like SnSe2 nanostructures for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of uric acid in urine for handheld point-of-care diagnostics.

In this study, we present a camellia-like SnSe2 nanostructure fabricated through a straightforward solvothermal process and integrated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to enable highly sensitive and selective electrochemical uric acid (UA) detection in artificial urine. The SnSe2/rGO electrode exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity towards UA oxidation, enabling a wide linear detection range of 20 nM-200 μM and an ultra-low detection limit of 11.4 nM. To further advance the practical application of this technology in point-of-care testing, we have designed a user-friendly, smartphone-integrated portable analytical device featuring Bluetooth connectivity, capable of providing real-time monitoring of UA levels in urine specimens.