The first case of bacteremia caused by Desulfovibrio legallii.

We report the first documented case of bacteremia caused by Desulfovibrio legallii. A 55-year-old man with multiple system atrophy was admitted to our hospital for rehabilitation. During hospitalization, he developed a fever and rigors. Blood cultures were obtained, and the anaerobic blood culture yielded spiral-shaped, Gram-negative rods. The isolated strain could not be identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry but was subsequently identified as D. legallii by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis.