The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026
Overnight wakefulness impairs next-day postprandial glucose in young women independent of sex hormones.
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Xue Pei, Meth Elisa M S, Noory Samira F M, Rossi Viviana, Motoshaleh Dina, Pacheco André P, Vogel Heike, Nôga Diana A, Benedict Christian
Аннотация
CONTEXT: Estradiol and progesterone may influence glucose regulation, but it remains unclear whether ovarian hormone levels modulate night shift-induced impairments in glucose metabolism.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a night shift-like schedule on next-morning fasting and postprandial glucose metabolism in reproductive-aged women.
METHODS: Fifty-two women with an HbA1c <5.7% completed a protocol consisting of one night of sleep and one night of wakefulness in a laboratory environment. After each night, fasting blood samples were collected to measure estradiol, progesterone, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. Insulin resistance was estimated using HOMA-IR, and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR)-a marker of fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity-was calculated. Morning postprandial glucose responses were assessed using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and substrate utilization was measured via respiratory quotient (RQ) using indirect calorimetry. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test the effects of condition and the progesterone-to-estradiol (P/E) ratio on all outcomes.
RESULTS: Fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and LAR did not differ between conditions. Post-OGTT blood glucose at 60 minutes (mean estimated difference: 0.58 mmol/L, P = .016) and peak glucose (0.42 mmol/L, P = .037) were higher following the night shift compared with sleep. The P/E ratio was not significantly associated with fasting or postprandial glucose. Pre-OGTT RQ was lower after the night shift (-0.029, P < .001), and adjusting for pre-OGTT RQ attenuated the post-OGTT glucose differences between conditions (P ≥ .097).
CONCLUSION: One night of wakefulness-as occurs in night shift work-impaired next-morning glucose tolerance in women, independent of ovarian hormone variation. Accordingly, choosing low-glycemic index foods for the first meal after a night shift may help reduce postprandial glucose excursions.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a night shift-like schedule on next-morning fasting and postprandial glucose metabolism in reproductive-aged women.
METHODS: Fifty-two women with an HbA1c <5.7% completed a protocol consisting of one night of sleep and one night of wakefulness in a laboratory environment. After each night, fasting blood samples were collected to measure estradiol, progesterone, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. Insulin resistance was estimated using HOMA-IR, and the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR)-a marker of fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity-was calculated. Morning postprandial glucose responses were assessed using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and substrate utilization was measured via respiratory quotient (RQ) using indirect calorimetry. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test the effects of condition and the progesterone-to-estradiol (P/E) ratio on all outcomes.
RESULTS: Fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and LAR did not differ between conditions. Post-OGTT blood glucose at 60 minutes (mean estimated difference: 0.58 mmol/L, P = .016) and peak glucose (0.42 mmol/L, P = .037) were higher following the night shift compared with sleep. The P/E ratio was not significantly associated with fasting or postprandial glucose. Pre-OGTT RQ was lower after the night shift (-0.029, P < .001), and adjusting for pre-OGTT RQ attenuated the post-OGTT glucose differences between conditions (P ≥ .097).
CONCLUSION: One night of wakefulness-as occurs in night shift work-impaired next-morning glucose tolerance in women, independent of ovarian hormone variation. Accordingly, choosing low-glycemic index foods for the first meal after a night shift may help reduce postprandial glucose excursions.