Pediatric Neuroinflammatory and Neuropsychiatric Syndromes Associated with Dupilumab Treatment for Atopic Dermatitis.

Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody blocking interleukin-4/interleukin-13 signaling, was associated with neuroinflammatory syndromes in 4 children treated for atopic dermatitis. Individuals exhibited behavioral changes, language impairment, and neurodiagnostic abnormalities 2-6 months after treatment initiation. Three improved with drug discontinuation and immunomodulatory therapy; 1 with pre-existing X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy required stem cell transplantation.