[Urinary tract infections in children by pediatric urologist].

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection disease in all age. From the pediatric urology point of view, difficulty in bladder emptying is the most favorable factor for UTI. Early ultrasonographic (USG) investigation is necessary to detect urinary obstruction and urolithiasis. It is important to perform USG with filled bladder and directly after micturition. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) should be done after UTI in small children (below 3 years of age). For the detection of renal damage the DMSA-scan is the most sensitive method that should be performed during UTI and 6 months later. In case of bladder dysfunction suspicion the uroflowmetry is substantial. Detection of leucocyturia give rise to microbiological diagnosis and proper treatment. UTI with fever needs antibiotic therapy started in first 24 hours to prevent renal damage. Risk factor for recurrences are bladder dysfunction and residual urine. Prophylaxis should not be restricted to the use of antibiotics or other prophylactic agents but must include the efficient management of bladder and bowel dysfunction and proper liquids administration.