Hepatobiliary malformations: proposed updation of classification system, clinicopathological profile and a report of largest pediatric giant choledochal cyst.

BACKGROUND

The present study was aimed to update the classification of hepatobiliary malformations and study the clinicopathological profile of pediatric choledochal cyst (CDC) and pediatric giant choledochal cyst (GCC) patients undergone surgery.

METHODS

We have retrospectively analysed the data of 57 consecutive cases of CDCs in paediatric patients from a time period spanning from 2016 to 2020.

RESULTS

Revised classification of hepatobiliary malformations was proposed and these were divided into 2 broad headings, choledochal (congenital and acquired) and extra-choledochal spectrum. 57 pediatric patients were diagnosed as having CDC with average age 4.615 years and female to male ratio of 3.7:1. We have also reported one of the largest GCC measuring 23 × 10 × 9 cm size. The classical triad was known to be more common and seen in 60% GCCs as opposed to 14.5% in CDCs. Values of serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, PT/INR were elevated in CDC series and normal in GCC patients. 55 patients (96.5%) underwent cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Mortality was seen in 7.01% patients (n = 4) following surgery.

CONCLUSION

Simplified and broader classification system for CDCs has been proposed. Clinical studies found that GCC differs considerably from classical CDCs.