Journal of affective disorders · 2025
Interactive effects of family socioeconomic status and parental education levels with childhood abuse on adolescent depressive symptoms.
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Wang Ruoxi, Sun Jian, Xiao Wan, Gao Yue, Li Shuqin, Wan Yuhui
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Adolescent depression represents a significant global public health challenge, with childhood abuse, family socioeconomic status and parental education levels identified as key determinants. However, the complex interplay between these factors and their potential gender-specific effects remain insufficiently explored.
METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted across nine Chinese cities from October to December 2021, enrolling 26,934 adolescent participants. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to analyze the main effects, interaction effects, and gender-stratified associations between childhood abuse and socioeconomic factors with comprehensive covariate adjustment.
RESULTS: All forms of childhood abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual) showed strong positive associations with depression risk (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] = 3.576-3.908, p < 0.001). Conversely, higher family socioeconomic status (moderate/good) and parental education levels (junior middle school/senior middle school/college or above) demonstrated protective effects (ORs = 0.521-0.872, all p < 0.001). Notable findings included: (1) a significant positive interaction between high family socioeconomic status and emotional abuse (OR = 1.257, p = 0.038), suggesting economically advantaged environments may exacerbate the abuse-related psychological distress; (2) gender-modulated interactions where parental college education significantly potentiated the effect of emotional/physical abuse on depression risk in female adolescents (ORs = 1.273-1.393, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal complex interactions between childhood abuse and family socioeconomic status in affecting adolescent depression risk, with particular pronounced effects among female adolescents in highly educated families. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing emotional abuse in specific socioeconomic contexts, with particular attention to gender-specific vulnerabilities.
METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted across nine Chinese cities from October to December 2021, enrolling 26,934 adolescent participants. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to analyze the main effects, interaction effects, and gender-stratified associations between childhood abuse and socioeconomic factors with comprehensive covariate adjustment.
RESULTS: All forms of childhood abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual) showed strong positive associations with depression risk (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] = 3.576-3.908, p < 0.001). Conversely, higher family socioeconomic status (moderate/good) and parental education levels (junior middle school/senior middle school/college or above) demonstrated protective effects (ORs = 0.521-0.872, all p < 0.001). Notable findings included: (1) a significant positive interaction between high family socioeconomic status and emotional abuse (OR = 1.257, p = 0.038), suggesting economically advantaged environments may exacerbate the abuse-related psychological distress; (2) gender-modulated interactions where parental college education significantly potentiated the effect of emotional/physical abuse on depression risk in female adolescents (ORs = 1.273-1.393, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal complex interactions between childhood abuse and family socioeconomic status in affecting adolescent depression risk, with particular pronounced effects among female adolescents in highly educated families. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing emotional abuse in specific socioeconomic contexts, with particular attention to gender-specific vulnerabilities.