Advancing global precision in dementia research: Examining Normative Heterogeneity of Aging and Neurodegeneration in Chinese Elders (ENHANCE).

The Examining Normative Heterogeneity of Aging and Neurodegeneration in Chinese Elders (ENHANCE) project addresses gaps in Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) research by prioritizing Chinese-speaking communities-an underrepresented but rapidly growing population in the United States (US) and globally. ENHANCE uses a transadaptation approach to develop cognitive assessments that reflect the language and culture of Cantonese and Mandarin speakers, making tools more relevant and appropriate. The project brings together data from older Chinese American participants at University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), guided by community input and pilot testing results of research instruments. By combining data from ISMMS, UCSF, and the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC), ENHANCE explores meaningful cross-cultural differences in AD/ADRD risk and progression. The goal is to improve diagnostic accuracy and representation in AD/ADRD research. ENHANCE helps make AD/ADRD research more responsive to language and cultural backgrounds in the older Chinese American community, supporting the goal of precision medicine in diverse population.