Correlates of Nocturia With ≥ 2 Nighttime Voids in Older Adults: Associations With Dry Mouth and Sleep Quality.

AIMS: This study aimed to identify potential predictive factors of nocturia with ≥ 2 nightly voids, with a particular focus on nocturnal polyuria (NP).

METHODS

A total of 154 men aged 42-88 years were enrolled. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the number of nighttime voids: Group A (< 2 voids/night, n = 79) and Group B (≥ 2 voids/night, n = 75), including a subgroup with NP (n = 61). All participants completed 3-day frequency-volume charts and self-administered questionnaires assessing oral dryness using a visual analog scale and subjective sleep quality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of nocturia with ≥ 2 voids.

RESULTS

Compared with Group A, Group B demonstrated significantly lower total scores on the Nocturia-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (p < 0.001), higher Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS) (p < 0.001), shorter time to first nocturnal void (u-HUS; p < 0.001), greater nocturnal oral dryness (p = 0.004), and poorer subjective sleep quality (p = 0.006). There were no significant differences in the number of medications taken between groups. Among participants with NP, those with ≥ 2 voids exhibited significantly poorer sleep quality (p = 0.007), increased nocturnal oral dryness (p = 0.030), and shorter u-HUS (p < 0.001) compared with those with < 2 voids. Multivariable analysis identified nocturnal oral dryness (p = 0.015), shortened u-HUS (p < 0.001), and elevated OABSS (p = 0.045) as independent predictors of nocturia with ≥ 2 voids.

CONCLUSIONS

Increased nocturnal oral dryness and shortened u-HUS are associated with nocturia involving ≥ 2 nighttime voids and may negatively impact quality of life, particularly in patients with NP. These findings highlight the clinical importance of addressing dry mouth as a significant comorbidity in older adults with nocturia.