Bipolar Latissimus Dorsi Transfer for Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: Minimum 10-Month Follow-Up.

PURPOSE: To examine the outcomes of patients who have undergone bipolar latissimus dorsi transfer for loss of elbow flexion in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC).

METHODS

This study retrospectively evaluated 6 cases (5 patients) of bipolar latissimus dorsi transfer performed to restore active elbow flexion in pediatric patients with AMC. Elbow range of motion and strength were evaluated before and after surgery. Functional outcomes were evaluated by the patients' ability to perform activities of daily living. Complications and patient satisfaction were also evaluated at final follow-up.

RESULTS

The patients were a mean age of 7.8 ± 3 years. The mean follow-up was 30.2 months (range, 10-44 months). At most recent follow-up, all cases reported improved function of the surgical extremity when performing activities of daily living and overall satisfaction. The postoperative active range of motion was 76° ± 14°. All cases had active elbow flexion against gravity. One patient was noted to have decreased muscle activation of the transfer 6 months after surgery, but strength improved by the 10-month follow-up. No other complications were noted.

CONCLUSIONS

We recommend bipolar latissimus dorsi transfer as a reliable option to restore functional elbow flexion in patients with AMC. Meticulous pedicle handling and assessment of the latissimus dorsi viability is paramount.

TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic V.