BMC oral health · 2026
Prevalence and etiology of molar incisor hypomineralization and hypomineralized second primary molars in children, Uşak Region, Turkey.
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Alkış Merve, Acar Sibel
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and etiology of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) in children aged 8-12 years living in the Usak region of Turkey.
METHODS: A total of 287 children were examined by a single clinician. Permanent first molars, second primary molars, and permanent incisors were evaluated for MIH and HSPM. A questionnaire was used to collect data on potential etiological factors, including the mother's health during pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, and medical history in the first four-years-of life. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.
RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH and HSPM was 24.4%(70 children) and 3.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides of the jaws, although the incisors were more affected in the maxilla. The most common defect was 'opacities with a distinct border creamy white color' in both HSPM and MIH. A statistically significant relationship was found between HSPM and MIH (p = .007). Gestational hypertension showed a significant correlation with MIH(p = .007). Frequent fever, febrile convulsion and diarrhea in the first four-years-of life increased the incidence of MIH, but relationship was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: MIH and HSPM are common dental problems in childhood and managing them is challenging. HSPM was significantly associated with MIH and considered as predictor for MIH. Gestational hypertension was a significant etiological factor for MIH. These findings highlight the importance of preventive treatments and early treatment planning by dentists, especially for children with identified risk factors.
METHODS: A total of 287 children were examined by a single clinician. Permanent first molars, second primary molars, and permanent incisors were evaluated for MIH and HSPM. A questionnaire was used to collect data on potential etiological factors, including the mother's health during pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, and medical history in the first four-years-of life. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.
RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH and HSPM was 24.4%(70 children) and 3.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides of the jaws, although the incisors were more affected in the maxilla. The most common defect was 'opacities with a distinct border creamy white color' in both HSPM and MIH. A statistically significant relationship was found between HSPM and MIH (p = .007). Gestational hypertension showed a significant correlation with MIH(p = .007). Frequent fever, febrile convulsion and diarrhea in the first four-years-of life increased the incidence of MIH, but relationship was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: MIH and HSPM are common dental problems in childhood and managing them is challenging. HSPM was significantly associated with MIH and considered as predictor for MIH. Gestational hypertension was a significant etiological factor for MIH. These findings highlight the importance of preventive treatments and early treatment planning by dentists, especially for children with identified risk factors.