Brevibacterium casei catheter-related bloodstream infection in an immunocompromised patient with multiorgan failure in Dubai hospital, UAE.

Brevibacterium casei, historically regarded as a harmless skin commensal, is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections (CRBSIs) due to B. casei remain rare but are clinically significant, particularly among patients with multiple comorbidities and indwelling vascular devices. We report a CRBSI caused by B. casei in a 69-year-old male with ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute kidney injury. The diagnosis was established through blood cultures from both a dialysis catheter and a peripheral vein. The patient showed clinical improvement following catheter removal and a combination of Piperacillin-Tazobactam with Levofloxacin.