Cranial molding on neonates in Ghana: mothers' perspective and their knowledge on potential harm to babies' brain.

BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVES

Traditional cranial molding is an ancient practice prevalent in Ghana. In this work, we aimed at assessing mothers'/caregivers' perspective and their knowledge on potential harm of cranial molding on neonates.

METHODS

Two hundred and one (201) nursing mothers with babies aged 1-12 months were sampled in a cross-sectional study using questionnaires. We assessed the mothers'/caregivers' reasons for cranial molding, their perceived benefits of this practice, and their knowledge about the potential harm this practice pose to babies.

RESULTS

Sixty four percent (64%) of mothers confirmed they practice cranial molding on their babies either on their own or through the assistance of a caretaker. However, 72% of all mothers/caregivers did not know this practice has the potential to harm the baby in any way. Mothers'/caregivers' reasons for this practice included the following: to achieve a more "beautiful" head shape, hasten the healing of the fontanelle, and limit head growth. There was a significant association between the mothers'/caregivers' level of education and the practice of cranial molding (p value < 0.05). However, there was no association between head symmetry and cranial molding (p value > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Majority of mothers/caregivers were actively engaged in cranial molding on neonates but remain ignorant about the potential harm this practice could have on their babies. Mothers/caregivers therefore need to be educated about the potential harm posed by traditional cranial molding on neonates.