Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2012
Ciliary ganglion afferents and efferents variations: a possible explanation of postganglionic mydriasis.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Hamel Olivier, Corre Pierre, Ploteau Stéphane, Armstrong Olivier, Rogez Jean-Michel, Robert Roger, Hamel Antoine
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Ciliary ganglion is a pre-visceral vegetative ganglion, relay of ocular bulb vegetative pathways, concerning three types of fibers: parasympathetic, sympathetic and somatosensory. The objective of this study was to describe the different patterns of distribution of those fibers around the ciliary ganglion to explain rare post-traumatic or postoperative ocular symptoms.
METHODS: Dissection of 20 orbits, from cavernous sinus to ocular bulb, after intravascular injection of colored latex.
RESULTS: Concerning afferents, or roots, three dispositions have to be described: all of them were identified (55 %); parasympathetic root was absent and ciliary ganglion was attached directly to the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve (25 %); sympathetic root was absent (20 %). Somatosensory root, coming from nasociliary nerve, was constant. Efferents (short ciliary nerves), including these three types of fibers, were variable in number but always constituted two bundles.
CONCLUSION: The absence of identifiable parasympathetic root, resulting in a close relationship between ciliary ganglion and the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve, could be a possible explanation of postganglionic mydriasis following blow-out orbital floor fracture or surgical repair of this type of fracture. The absence of sympathetic root is due to a forward retro-orbital connection between internal carotid plexus and ophthalmic nerve within cavernous sinus, corresponding to gray rami communicans.
METHODS: Dissection of 20 orbits, from cavernous sinus to ocular bulb, after intravascular injection of colored latex.
RESULTS: Concerning afferents, or roots, three dispositions have to be described: all of them were identified (55 %); parasympathetic root was absent and ciliary ganglion was attached directly to the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve (25 %); sympathetic root was absent (20 %). Somatosensory root, coming from nasociliary nerve, was constant. Efferents (short ciliary nerves), including these three types of fibers, were variable in number but always constituted two bundles.
CONCLUSION: The absence of identifiable parasympathetic root, resulting in a close relationship between ciliary ganglion and the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve, could be a possible explanation of postganglionic mydriasis following blow-out orbital floor fracture or surgical repair of this type of fracture. The absence of sympathetic root is due to a forward retro-orbital connection between internal carotid plexus and ophthalmic nerve within cavernous sinus, corresponding to gray rami communicans.