[Cryptorchidism].

Cryptorchidism represents the most common genital abnormalities in boys. Cryptorchidism means the abnormalities that lead to the empty scrotum and specifically refers to undescended testis. Testicular descent is multifactorial, and abnormalities of morphogenesis and hormonal aspects are considered to be the etiology of non-descent of the testis. Furthermore, hormonal abnormalities associated with cryptorchidism have the potential risks of infertility and malignancy that appear in later life. The modality of the management has undergone major refinements with the introduction of laparoscopy. Laparoscopy has become the most widely used and most useful diagnostic modality in the management of the impalpable undescended testes.