[Neurocognitive profile and vulnerability for mental health problems in selected genetic syndromes with disorders of intellectual development].

The analysis of individual cognitive profiles and the assessment of executive function components contributes to a better understanding of the problems that children, adolescents, and adults with intellectual disabilities experience in coping with social demands. Characteristic profiles and abnormalities in executive functions in Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and Prader-Willi syndrome are described. These examples illustrate associations with psychological problems-so-called behavioral phenotypes-in children, adolescents, and adults with these genetic syndromes.