Neonatal diabetes mellitus: A rare but important diagnosis in the critically ill infant.

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disorder that may occur at any age. Neonatal diabetes mellitus, defined as hyperglycaemia presenting within the first 6 weeks of life in term infants, is a rare disorder that may result in permanent or transient diabetes mellitus. Although reported in paediatric diabetes literature, there are no reports of this condition in emergency medicine journals and these children may present to emergency departments with a picture mimicking sepsis. We report the case of a 5-week-old infant with diabetes mellitus who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and review the literature surrounding this rare condition.