Flavonoid-Rich Extracts from Mentha Piperita and their Novel Role in ALT Modulation in a Cardiovascular Disease Rat Model.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious global health burden. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with strong antioxidant properties and significant capabilities to reduce oxidative stress, a key factor in CVD development. This study investigates the effect of ethanolic extract of Mentha × piperita, a rich source of flavonoids, on heart disease in rats. Heart disease was experimentally induced by administering 1% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for 21 days. Twenty-five male rats were divided into five groups: control, H₂O₂-treated, and three groups treated with different concentrations of flavonoid extract (100, 150, and 200 mg/kg/day). Biochemical tests showed that the obtained flavonoid reduced serum ALT activity (p < 0.05) and enhanced lipid profiles by lowering total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). On the other hand, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has significantly increased. The outcomes demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of flavonoids plays an important role in decreasing oxidative stress and protecting against H₂O₂-induced cardiovascular damage. The findings highlight the translational potential of Mentha-derived flavonoids as natural therapeutic agents for improving lipid metabolism and reducing cardiovascular risk in humans.