Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in Pediatric Populations.

Atypical antipsychotic medications have served as mainstays in the treatment of pediatric-onset bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and are typically prescribed by psychiatric providers. These medications also have an important role in treating specific behaviors associated with other pediatric diagnoses, including autism spectrum disorder, disruptive behavior disorders, and tic disorders. Nurse practitioners play an important role in initiating treatment in children who require these drugs and monitoring those who are already prescribed these medications by psychiatric professionals. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenomic implications for aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone are described. This article reviews appropriate approaches to prescribing, monitoring for efficacy and side effects, and considerations when tapering or discontinuing antipsychotic medications.