European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2025
Tracking Glucose Trends, Unveiling Clinical Patterns: Insights From Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients at the Extreme of BMI and Eating Disorders Psychopathology.
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Rania Marianna, Irace Concetta, Sacco Raffaella, Bevacqua Mariateresa, Carbone Elvira Anna, Cutruzzolà Antonio, Pelle Maria Chiara, Arturi Franco, Segura-Garcia Cristina
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Disturbances of glucose homoeostasis are claimed to act as both a consequence and maintaining factor in eating disorders (EDs). This study explored glucose trends and their association with real-time food intake and self-report eating psychopathology in a sample of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and binge-eating disorder (BED).
METHOD: 30 patients (AN, 15; BED, 15) wore continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors while synchronously collecting data on daily food intake. CGM outputs were extracted and correlated with nutritional intake, daily meals composition and self-report eating psychopathology (BES, NEQ, GQ, Y-FAS).
RESULTS: Up to 74% of participants experienced hypoglycaemia in the study period, with unique trends by diagnosis (prolonged, interprandial, nocturnal episodes in AN; brief, postprandial, daytime episodes in BED). Significant association between the average number of daily meals, glucose coefficient of variation, and symptomatic events was evident in AN. Self-report night eating and food addiction symptoms in AN, and self-report grazing in BED, associated, respectively, with daytime and symptomatic hypoglycaemia.
CONCLUSIONS: Hypoglycaemia is a frequent finding in patients with AN and BED and is associated with daily meals composition and dysfunctional eating behaviours. Theoretical explanations are provided for a diagnosis-specific effect on hypoglycemia events. CGM could valuably contribute to understanding, clinical staging, and customised treatments of EDs.
METHOD: 30 patients (AN, 15; BED, 15) wore continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors while synchronously collecting data on daily food intake. CGM outputs were extracted and correlated with nutritional intake, daily meals composition and self-report eating psychopathology (BES, NEQ, GQ, Y-FAS).
RESULTS: Up to 74% of participants experienced hypoglycaemia in the study period, with unique trends by diagnosis (prolonged, interprandial, nocturnal episodes in AN; brief, postprandial, daytime episodes in BED). Significant association between the average number of daily meals, glucose coefficient of variation, and symptomatic events was evident in AN. Self-report night eating and food addiction symptoms in AN, and self-report grazing in BED, associated, respectively, with daytime and symptomatic hypoglycaemia.
CONCLUSIONS: Hypoglycaemia is a frequent finding in patients with AN and BED and is associated with daily meals composition and dysfunctional eating behaviours. Theoretical explanations are provided for a diagnosis-specific effect on hypoglycemia events. CGM could valuably contribute to understanding, clinical staging, and customised treatments of EDs.