Follow-up comparison of hydrocephalus with and without myelomeningocele.

A series of 454 hydrocephalic patients with and without myelomeningocele and with and without treatment is reviewed. The survival rates for hydrocephalus alone and for hydrocephalus with myelodysplasia are comparable. The authors reach the conclusion that treatment of the hycrocephalic process and its complications is the most critical therapeutic consideration. Mental retardation is the major unalterable cause for failure to develop independence; some lesser emotional causes can be modified by encouragement. Repeated reassessment of the patient's condition and adjustment are important. Before treatment is started parents or guardians should be fully informed of the child's future potential for independent life and mental development.