Molecular biology reports · 2024
Nasal carriage of virulent and multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a possible comorbidity of COVID-19.
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Fowora Muinah Adenike, Aiyedogbon Adenike, Omolopo Ibilola, Tajudeen Ahmed Oluwasegun, Onyeaghasiri Faustina, Edu-Muyideen Idowu, Olanlege Abdul-Lateef Olatunde, Abioye Aminah, Bamidele Tajudeen Akanji, Raheem Toyosi, Adesesan Adesegun, Iwalokun Bamidele, Salako Babatunde Lawal
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) associated with COVID-19 has not been well documented. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between nasal S. aureus carriage and COVID-19.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 391 participants presenting for COVID-19 test in Lagos, Nigeria, and S. aureus was isolated from the samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion method. All S. aureus isolates were screened for the presence of mecA, panton-valentine leucocidin (PVL) and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction. Staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing was conducted for all the isolates. Participants with COVID-19 had double the prevalence of S. aureus (42.86%) compared to those who tested negative (20.54%). A significant association was seen between S. aureus nasal carriage and COVID-19 (p = 0.004). Antimicrobial sensitivity results showed resistance to oxacillin (100%), cefoxitin (53%), and vancomycin (98.7%). However, only 41% of the isolates harbored the mecA gene, with SCCmecV being the most common SCCmec type. There was no association between the carriage of virulence genes and COVID-19. A total of 23 Spa types were detected, with t13249 and t095 being the two most common spa types.
CONCLUSION: This study examined the association between nasal S. aureus carriage and SARS-COV-2 infection. Further research is required to fully explore the implications of S. aureus co-infection with COVID-19.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 391 participants presenting for COVID-19 test in Lagos, Nigeria, and S. aureus was isolated from the samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion method. All S. aureus isolates were screened for the presence of mecA, panton-valentine leucocidin (PVL) and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction. Staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing was conducted for all the isolates. Participants with COVID-19 had double the prevalence of S. aureus (42.86%) compared to those who tested negative (20.54%). A significant association was seen between S. aureus nasal carriage and COVID-19 (p = 0.004). Antimicrobial sensitivity results showed resistance to oxacillin (100%), cefoxitin (53%), and vancomycin (98.7%). However, only 41% of the isolates harbored the mecA gene, with SCCmecV being the most common SCCmec type. There was no association between the carriage of virulence genes and COVID-19. A total of 23 Spa types were detected, with t13249 and t095 being the two most common spa types.
CONCLUSION: This study examined the association between nasal S. aureus carriage and SARS-COV-2 infection. Further research is required to fully explore the implications of S. aureus co-infection with COVID-19.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
HumansCOVID-19Staphylococcal InfectionsCross-Sectional StudiesMaleFemaleStaphylococcus aureusAdultSARS-CoV-2Middle AgedBacterial ToxinsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusComorbidityBacterial ProteinsVirulenceNigeriaDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsCarrier StateMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsLeukocidinsExotoxinsVirulence FactorsYoung Adult