Transplantation of Haploidentical TcRaß-Depleted Hematopoietic Cells Allows for Optimal Timing and Sustained Correction of the Metabolic Defect in Children With Infantile Osteopetrosis.

In osteopetrosis, osteoclast dysfunction can lead to deafness, blindness, bone marrow failure, and death. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is currently the only curative treatment, but outcome remains disappointing. Although a rapid progression toward HCT is detrimental to prevent further progress of disease manifestations, 70% of cases lack an HLA-matched sibling and require alternative stem cell sources. We present two cases of osteopetrosis that successfully received an HCT with haploidentical TcRαβ-depleted cells from one of the parents. These cases showed no further disease progression, had restoration of functional osteoclasts, and illustrate this approach to enable prompt HCT with ready available parental donors and rapid and sustained hematological, including osteoclast, recovery. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.