Management of Treatment Failures in Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.

Osteochondral lesions of the talus are a common result of traumatic ankle injury. Due to the low success rates of nonoperative management, surgical management of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) has evolved considerably over the past decade as more outcomes research has emerged, new techniques have been described, and we have developed a better understanding of the role of biologics in the treatment algorithm. We describe, in sequence, the surgical management options, including salvage procedures, for failed treatment of OLTs.