1,3,5-Triazine functionalized chitosan encapsulated nanocomposite for electrochemical dual detection of glucose and H2O2.

A new electrochemical sensor was designed based on a silver/iron oxide (AgFe2O3)-incorporated functionalized chitosan (AgFe2O3/FCS) nanocomposite for the detection of glucose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The AgFe2O3/FCS nanocomposite was synthesized via an ultrasonic method followed by a hydrothermal technique. Its structure, chemical composition, and morphology were analyzed using several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The synthesized AgFe2O3/FCS nanocomposite exhibited a significantly increased electrochemically active surface area (0.162 cm2), contributing to its enhanced electrochemical sensitivity for glucose and H2O2 detection. The sensor displayed wide dynamic ranges of 1-5847 μM for glucose and 1-6848 μM for H2O2, with sensitivities of 18.33 μA μM-1 cm-2 and 20.65 μA μM-1 cm-2, respectively. The detection limits were 0.17 μM for glucose and 1.48 μM for H2O2, with response times of 5 s and 3 s, respectively. In addition to good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility, the sensor successfully detected glucose in serum samples and H2O2 in live human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. This nanocomposite has great potential as an attractive sensing platform for the electrochemical detection of glucose and H2O2.