Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants - A Review for Providers.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), historically known as congenital hip dysplasia, is a multifactorial disease that affects numerous infants and children every year. DDH encompasses a wide spectrum of joint pathology and therefore screening recommendations, including serial physical examination and appropriate imaging if needed, are utilized to diminish the risk of abnormal hip development which may later impact mobility. Risk factors are poor predictors of DDH, but may increase its likelihood, and include female gender, breech positioning in the third trimester, multiple gestation and family history. Surveillance options include ultrasound prior to 4-6 months of age and radiography beyond 6 months, to include anteroposterior views and frog pelvis views. Treatment options consist of the Pavlik splint, spica casting, and surgical intervention.