[Childhood legionellosis].

Four cases of hospital acquired pneumonia are reported in children aged from 10 days to 7 years, in whom L. pneumophila serogroup 6 was isolated. All patients were sporadic cases occurring during a two year period (1987-1988) in the Pediatric Hospital of our institution. L. pneumophila was isolated in samples of pleural fluid, lung biopsy, tracheal aspirate, bronchial brushing and bronchoalveolar lavage. All our patients were immunologically depressed and three died. Only in two cases of erythromycin therapy was administered, as the etiology of their pneumonia was not suspected. The literature on other reported cases of infantile legionellosis is discussed.