Bunk-Bed-Related Fractures in Children: Are We Aware of the Risks?

Background and

Objectives

Falls from heights are a common mechanism of trauma in children. However, data on bunk-bed-related (BBR) fractures are scarce. We aimed to assess types of fractures and age groups most at risk for BBR fractures. Material and

Methods

We analyzed medical records and imaging procedures of patients aged <18 years who sustained a bunk bed injury and were treated at our department between January 2014 and December 2021. Demographic data, including age groups, mechanisms, types and anatomical regions of fractures, were assessed.

Results

A total of 162 patients (median age 5 years, range 0−15; 59.9% male) was included. Fractures were recorded in 80 (49.4%) and contusions and abrasions in 49 (30.2%) cases. BBR fractures were recorded in 44.8% of children below the age of 3, in 50.8% aged 3−5, in 58.5% aged 6−9 and in 28.6% ≥ 10 years. Forearm fractures were most common (n = 34, 42.5%), followed by fractures of the clavicle (n = 13, 16.3%), humerus (n = 10, 12.5%), foot (n = 8, 10.0%), hand (n = 5, 6.3%), lower leg (n = 5, 6.3%) and skull (n = 5, 6.3%). Surgery was required in 12 (15.0%) cases, including closed reduction (n = 7) and closed reduction with internal fixation (n = 5). Overall, 21 (26.3%) patients were hospitalized with a mean length of stay of 2 ± 1.6 days.

Conclusions

Caregivers should be aware that bunk beds cause a significant amount of severe trauma in children and adolescents, especially in those younger than 10 years of age. Caregivers would benefit from receiving information about these risks and evidence-based strategies to prevent BBR fractures.