[Social and health factors of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants].

OBJECTIVE

to investigate the impact of social and health factors on respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among preterm neonates.

DESIGN

survey based on the data from perinatal register.

MATERIALS: 4098 reports on preterm deliveries.

METHODS

Descriptive statistics and multi-factor logistic regression. Dependent variable: RDS. Independent: maternal age, marital status, education, place of residence, mode of delivery, diseases before pregnancy, diseases during pregnancy, obstetrical history, pregnancy weight gain rate, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking, parity, newborn gender.

RESULTS

10.3% RDS among preterm newborns was ascertained. University education of the mother decreases the odds for RDS by half, as well as considerable pregnancy weight gain (OR = 0.61) and smoking before pregnancy (OR = 0.57). Odds for RDS are increased by cesarean section (OR = 2.86) and adverse obstetrical history (OR = 1.61). Cesarean section before labor vs. cesarean after onset of labor increased additionally odds for RDS (OR = 1.46). Goodman Kruskal tau for joint occurrence of RDS in twins is 0.45.

CONCLUSIONS

Certain health and social factors, among them: considerable pregnancy weight gain rate and university education of the mother, decreased the odds for RDS in preterm delivered neonates.