[Trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer: efficacy, clinical management, and perspectives].

HER2-positive breast cancer accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast tumors and is characterized by a more aggressive biology compared with other subtypes. However, the introduction of anti-HER2 agents has made this disease increasingly manageable, even in advanced stages. Among the most recent therapeutic advances, trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has emerged as a new standard of care, thanks to its remarkable efficacy, ability to induce deep and durable responses, and significant activity in challenging sites such as the central nervous system and bone. Clinicians play a crucial role in ensuring optimal patient management during T-DXd therapy, including the monitoring and prevention of major toxicities (such as interstitial lung disease, nausea and vomiting, and cardiotoxicity), as well as in evaluating potential combinations with locoregional treatments - within an increasingly integrated multidisciplinary team. Maintaining a good quality of life remains essential, particularly for patients achieving long-lasting responses. Finally, results from recent clinical trials suggest a potential role for T-DXd in earlier disease stages, underscoring the growing need for clinical expertise in managing this innovative therapy.