[New methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in children].

The follow-up included two groups of schoolchildren: 862 were repeatedly given BCG and 725, BCG-M vaccines. It was demonstrated that both vaccines had the same effectiveness and the latter could also be used. Upright tomographic findings in 70 children showed that it was highly informative for the diagnosis of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children, especially for that of bronchoadenitis. Monitoring of 315 children with destructive pulmonary processes (157 of them had lesions of tuberculous etiology) made it possible to define risk factors of destructive tuberculosis contamination (in particular, genetical predisposition), the diagnostic criteria and high diagnostic value of the enzyme-linked immunoassay (96%). Ultrasound examination of the liver in 121 tuberculosis children enabled one to diagnose the type and etiology of liver affection, to control its state during treatment, to specify the side effects of the drugs and to modulate the therapy. The course and outcomes of tuberculosis were found to be affected by liver affections. The parenteral administration of isoniazid in combination with other drugs was shown to be highly beneficial in disseminated form of tuberculosis in children.