Xanthoma disseminatum with neurological involvement and optic atrophy: improvement with cladribine.

A 9-year-old boy presented with multiple hyperpigmented papules over flexors with polyuria, polydipsia and progressive loss of vision. Histopathology of papule suggested a diagnosis of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis and systemic evaluation showed central diabetes insipidus and optic atrophy. With a diagnosis of xanthoma disseminatum with significant neurological involvement, he received cladribine therapy and showed significant improvement in both cutaneous and nervous system lesions.