Relationships between soil health and dynamics of soil potential pathogenic microbiota in functional domains of Xi'an urban greenspaces, China.

Soil potential pathogenic microbiota exacerbate the environment and human health through invading normal tissues of the human body, but their distributions and interactions across functional domains in urban greenspaces are poorly understood. Herein, we collected soil samples from parkland and residential land to explore the relationships between soil health and the dynamics of soil potential pathogenic microbiota. Soil organic matter-associated properties, soil multifunctionality and health were significantly about 30 % higher in parkland, but soil stoichiometry including C/N, C/P, and C/N/P were lower in parkland. Alpha diversity of soil pathogenic bacterial communities was higher than for fungal communities in residential land. The relative abundances of the dominant genera Mycobacterium, Metarhizium, and Cladosporium that may cause chronic lung and gastrointestinal diseases in humans were greater for residential land. Potential connected networks including soil pathogenic bacterial and fungal phylotypes were more complicated and stable in residential land, based on higher total and positive connections and higher robustness. Meanwhile, bacterial phylotypes belonging to the genus Shigella were identified as keystone species in parkland network, all of which were chronic pathogens. Soil total nitrogen and phosphorus as dominant properties had greater total effects on soil health in parkland and residential land, respectively. In general, soil health was mostly affected by soil multifunctionality in parkland, but was subject to higher explanation in residential land. These findings underscore intimate relationships between soil health and the dynamics of soil potential pathogenic microbiota in urban greenspaces, which has implications for human daily outdoor routines and urban habitability.