Frontiers in public health · 2025
Environmental exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and childhood congenital heart disease: a mixed analysis.
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Jiao Xianting, Zhao Liqing, Xu Yuejuan, Gao Jiawei, Tang Weifeng, Wu Yurong, Yang Ling, Huang Jihong, Guo Yi, Sun Kun, Chen Sun
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is associated with various health risks. However, limited research has explored their potential connection with congenital heart disease (CHD).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of PFAS and childhood CHD using a mixed analysis approach.
METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted involving 282 children with CHD and 282 control participants. Plasma samples were analyzed for 19 PFAS congeners. Logistic regression, Bayesian kernel-machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) models were employed to assess the association between individual PFAS and PFAS mixtures with CHD risk.
RESULTS: Analysis of 564 subjects revealed higher plasma concentrations of various PFAS compounds in the CHD-group. Logistic regression identified significant associations between CHD risk and specific PFAS, notably 6:2 Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA) (OR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.40-1.94), 8:2 8:2 Cl-PFESA (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.69-2.19), Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) (OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 2.28-3.15), Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) (OR = 2.38; 95%CI: 1.77-3.22), Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) (OR = 2.62; 95%CI: 1.99-3.45), and Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) (OR = 2.18; 95%CI: 1.81-2.63). BKMR analysis confirmed these findings. WQS analysis emphasized PFBA, 8:2 Cl-PFESA, PFHxA, and PFTeDA as key contributors to the association between PFAS mixture exposure and CHD risk.
CONCLUSION: Exposure to PFAS mixtures was associated with an increased risk of CHD in children, with 6:2 Cl-PFESA, 8:2 ClPFESA, PFBA, PFHxA, and PFTeDA playing significant roles.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of PFAS and childhood CHD using a mixed analysis approach.
METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted involving 282 children with CHD and 282 control participants. Plasma samples were analyzed for 19 PFAS congeners. Logistic regression, Bayesian kernel-machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) models were employed to assess the association between individual PFAS and PFAS mixtures with CHD risk.
RESULTS: Analysis of 564 subjects revealed higher plasma concentrations of various PFAS compounds in the CHD-group. Logistic regression identified significant associations between CHD risk and specific PFAS, notably 6:2 Chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA) (OR = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.40-1.94), 8:2 8:2 Cl-PFESA (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.69-2.19), Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) (OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 2.28-3.15), Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) (OR = 2.38; 95%CI: 1.77-3.22), Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) (OR = 2.62; 95%CI: 1.99-3.45), and Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) (OR = 2.18; 95%CI: 1.81-2.63). BKMR analysis confirmed these findings. WQS analysis emphasized PFBA, 8:2 Cl-PFESA, PFHxA, and PFTeDA as key contributors to the association between PFAS mixture exposure and CHD risk.
CONCLUSION: Exposure to PFAS mixtures was associated with an increased risk of CHD in children, with 6:2 Cl-PFESA, 8:2 ClPFESA, PFBA, PFHxA, and PFTeDA playing significant roles.