Congenital cardiovascular disease and cardiac surgery in childhood: Part 1. Cyanotic congenital heart defects.

The management of congenital heart disease is in a state of evolution, with earlier surgical and/or catheter interventions dominating clinical decision-making. Recent advances in interventional cardiac catheterization techniques, as well as continuing advances in the surgical management of complex congenital defects, continue to be the focus of attention of cardiologists and surgeons. The majority of the papers reviewed document mid- and long-term results of specific operative procedures for and address the appropriate role of cardiac catheterization techniques in the management of transposition of the great vessels, tetralogy of Fallot, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, truncus arteriosus, pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, and the univentricular heart. Early definitive intervention has become the standard of care for almost all defects reviewed.