Tumours of the spermatic cord and paratesticular tissue. A clinicopathological study.

A total of 85 patients with paratesticular tumours were diagnosed over a period of 36 years at this hospital; 66 patients (78%) had benign tumours, usually either an adenomatoid tumour or a lipoma. Of the remaining 19 malignant cases, 10 were primary neoplasms and 9 were metastases. A rare mucin-secreting epididymal adenocarcinoma was the only primary malignant epithelial tumour, the others being of mesenchymal origin. In 4/9 metastatic cases the initial presentation of a paratesticular swelling led to the discovery of the occult primary neoplasm following histological examination. Clinical features of a painful or painless mass, with or without an accompanying hydrocele, do not help to distinguish a benign from a malignant lesion. The prognosis of malignant tumours of mesenchymal origin depends mainly on the histological grade. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment and adjuvant therapy significantly improves the chances of survival only in young patients with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcomas. Older patients with high grade tumours usually succumb to their disease despite chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.