Neurophysiological and visual effects of cannabis, nicotine, and e-cigarettes on patients with TBI: a literature review.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this literature review was to assess and evaluate the neurophysiological and visual effects of cannabis, nicotine, and e-cigarettes on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

METHODS

In this review, a literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar resources. In addition, a literature search within cited references was also performed for this review. A total of seventy-two(72) publications as referenced were used for this review.

DISCUSSION: This literature review is intended to address the neurophysiological and visual impairments of patients with TBI through a systematic review to identify the side effects of substance abuse disorders (SUDs) and specifically describe the impacts of cannabis, nicotine, and e-cigarettes on TBI patients, and conclude the current findings.

CONCLUSION

This systematic evaluation is beneficial for the healthcare community and provides the potential to better assess the effects of these different harmful substances on patients who have suffered trauma to their brains.