Synergistic near-infrared photothermal and electrical stimulation of MgMOF/black phosphorus-reinforced conductive organohydrogels for integrated diagnosis-therapy-repair of complex wounds.

Managing complex wounds characterized by multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and impaired vascularization remains a significant clinical challenge. This study describes the development of a multifunctional conductive organohydrogel (POBMG) based on a polyacrylamide/oxidized sodium alginate (PAM/OSA) network reinforced with magnesium-based metal-organic framework/black phosphorus (MgMOF/BP) hybrids. The MgMOF/BP hybrid not only protects BP from oxidative degradation but also provides superior near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion (56.8 °C under 808 nm irradiation), enabling rapid eradication of S. aureus, E. coli and MRSA. Furthermore, the hydrogel serves as a high-sensitivity strain sensor (GF =2.68) for real-time monitoring of wound dynamics and human motion. Biologically, the sustained release of Mg2+ and phosphate ions modulates the wound microenvironment by promoting M2 macrophage polarization and activating VEGF-related pathways to enhance angiogenesis. In a murine full-thickness skin defect model, the synergy between POBMG-mediated photothermal therapy and exogenous electrical stimulation significantly accelerated wound closure (90.89% on day 14), enhanced collagen deposition, and promoted functional tissue regeneration. This integrated "diagnosis-therapy-repair" platform offers a promising strategy for the intelligent management of refractory wounds.