Polarity-guided fractionation of Lippia alba ethanolic extract: Phytochemical profiling and correlation with antioxidant, enzyme-inhibitory, and antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity.

This study evaluates the antioxidant, antiglycation, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, cell viability and enzymatic inhibition activities (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and lipase) activities of L. alba ethanolic extract (EE-La) and its organic fractions. Chemical characterization was performed via mass spectrometry. EE-La and fractions exhibited potent antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC) and antiglycation effects. Significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and lipase. Antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities were observed against bacterial. Phytochemical analysis revealed high phenolic/flavonoid content, with mass spectrometry identifying. L. alba demonstrates multifunctional therapeutic potential, supported by its antioxidant, enzymatic inhibition, and antimicrobial activities. These findings not only robustly validate its ethnopharmacological uses but also underscore its significant promise as a source of bioactive compounds for combating oxidative stress, metabolic, and infectious diseases.