Classical syphilitic lesions from the museum.

Syphilis is an increasingly diagnosed venereal disease which has four distinctive stages that may last over decades if appropriate treatment is not given. Review of the files of the Pathology Museum in the Faculty of Medicine at The University of Adelaide revealed three cases with classical cardiovascular and neurological findings. Case 1: An 80-year-old man with a large syphilitic aneurysm of the ascending aorta with a smaller aneurysm of the proximal descending aorta. Case 2: A 56-year-old man with chronic syphilitic meningoencephalitis with cerebral atrophy. Case 3: A 77-year-old man with tabes dorsalis. Given the increase in cases coming to medical attention in recent years due to high-risk sexual activity, migration, travel and reduced access to medical treatment, an awareness of the classical features of syphilis is appropriate as some cases will undoubtedly require medicolegal evaluation.