Congenital dislocation of the knee.

Congenital dislocation of the knee (CDK), first described in 1922, is a rare condition sometimes associated with other congenital malformations. There is a total anterior dislocation with recurvatum and upward displacement of the proximal tibia. This review covers our ten year experience at the hospital San Juan de Dios, in Caracas, Venezuela, a children's hospital with three orthopaedic services. We have seen 22 affected knees in 14 patients. Newborn patients were treated on traction until reduction was achieved, followed by serial plaster of Paris casts until, optimally, 90 degrees of flexion was gained. Surgical treatment was used if conservative treatment had failed after six months, or if the patient first presented after the age of 12 months. All our patients were eventually able to walk, three with the assistance of calipers. Some limitation of knee flexion was commonly seen. The best results were achieved when treatment was started early.