[Acute emergency diseases in childhood - emergency measures in practice].

The immediate management of three kinds of emergencies in childhood-unconsciousness, convulsions and acute respiratory failure-is discussed. First of all and in any case it is necessary to assess and reestablish vital, especially cardiorespiratory functions. Most common causes of unconsciousness in young children are dehydration states and acute poisoning, followed by febrile convulsions. Differential diagnosis and first management of subglottic laryngitis and peracute epiglottitis, two severe acute respiratory failures in childhood, are also demonstrated.