Injuries in cross-country skiing. Trail markers for diagnosis and treatment.

Cross-country skiers can suffer acute injuries, such as sprains of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb, the medial collateral ligament of the knee, and the ankle. They are also subject to overuse injuries, including arthritic changes in the great toe, and are at risk for cold-related injuries. Most of these injuries can be treated conservatively, and some can be avoided with adequate preparation and training.