Oral rehabilitation of patients with cancer: challenges following surgical resection.

OBJECTIVE

To discuss the main challenges in oral rehabilitation of patients with oral cancer after surgical resection and to present viable strategies to overcome these limitations.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search was conducted and the principal clinically relevant challenges identified were reduced bone height, flap volume, glossectomy, limited mouth opening, velopharyngeal dysfunction, and xerostomia.

RESULTS

Maxillary palatal ramp prostheses, mandibular guidance prostheses, and twin occlusion prostheses are indicated for patients without reconstruction grafting who present reduced bone height and mandibular deviation. In cases of extensive hard and soft tissue loss, type 3 fixed prostheses represent an appropriate option. Patients undergoing glossectomy may benefit from palatal or lingual augmentation and mandibular obturator prostheses. Sectional and flexible prostheses are suitable for individuals with restricted mouth opening. Maxillary or pharyngeal obturator prostheses are recommended for velopharyngeal dysfunction, while prostheses incorporating salivary reservoirs may assist patients with xerostomia.

CONCLUSION

Oncologic treatment may result in multiple anatomical and functional oral alterations. Clinicians must be familiar with available prosthetic rehabilitation options to adequately manage these conditions. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to achieve effective and integrated care.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Presents practical, evidence-based alternatives to optimize function, comfort, and quality of life in patients with complex oral conditions.