Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine · 2016
A 10-year follow-up of a child with mild case of xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D diagnosed by whole-genome sequencing.
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Ono Ryusuke, Masaki Taro, Mayca Pozo Franklin, Nakazawa Yuka, Swagemakers Sigrid M A, Nakano Eiji, Sakai Wataru, Takeuchi Seiji, Kanda Fumio, Ogi Tomoo, van der Spek Peter J, Sugasawa Kaoru, Nishigori Chikako
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Most patients with xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XP-D) from Western countries suffer from neurological symptoms, whereas Japanese patients display only skin manifestations without neurological symptoms. We have previously suggested that these differences in clinical manifestations in XP-D patients are attributed partly to a predominant mutation in ERCC2, and the allele frequency of S541R is highest in Japan.
METHODS: We diagnosed a child with mild case of XP-D by the evaluation of DNA repair activity and whole-genome sequencing, and followed her ten years.
RESULTS: Skin cancer, mental retardation, and neurological symptoms were not observed. Her minimal erythema dose was 41 mJ/cm(2) , which was slightly lower than that of healthy Japanese volunteers. The patient's cells showed sixfold hypersensitivity to UV in comparison with normal cells. Post-UV unscheduled DNA synthesis was 20.4%, and post-UV recovery of RNA synthesis was 58% of non-irradiated samples, which was lower than that of normal fibroblasts. Genome sequence analysis indicated that the patient harbored a compound heterozygous mutation of c.1621A>C and c.591_594del, resulting in p.S541R and p.Y197* in ERCC2: then, patient was diagnosed with XP-D. Y197* has not been described before.
CONCLUSION: Her mild skin manifestations might be attributed to the mutational site on her genome and daily strict sun protection. c.1621A>C might be a founder mutation of ERCC2 among Japanese XP-D patients, as it was identified most frequently in Japanese XP-D patients and it has not been found elsewhere outside Japan.
METHODS: We diagnosed a child with mild case of XP-D by the evaluation of DNA repair activity and whole-genome sequencing, and followed her ten years.
RESULTS: Skin cancer, mental retardation, and neurological symptoms were not observed. Her minimal erythema dose was 41 mJ/cm(2) , which was slightly lower than that of healthy Japanese volunteers. The patient's cells showed sixfold hypersensitivity to UV in comparison with normal cells. Post-UV unscheduled DNA synthesis was 20.4%, and post-UV recovery of RNA synthesis was 58% of non-irradiated samples, which was lower than that of normal fibroblasts. Genome sequence analysis indicated that the patient harbored a compound heterozygous mutation of c.1621A>C and c.591_594del, resulting in p.S541R and p.Y197* in ERCC2: then, patient was diagnosed with XP-D. Y197* has not been described before.
CONCLUSION: Her mild skin manifestations might be attributed to the mutational site on her genome and daily strict sun protection. c.1621A>C might be a founder mutation of ERCC2 among Japanese XP-D patients, as it was identified most frequently in Japanese XP-D patients and it has not been found elsewhere outside Japan.